Category: County

Discredited Kiln Site

The following, formerly claimed as a kiln site, cannot on present evidence be included in the gazetteer:
Hamworthy Carter’s Tile-works, Holes Bay (area centred SZ002904); briquettage, kiln-furniture, a ‘pottery-kiln’ and other ovens have now been shown to have related to salt-boiling (RCHM Dorset 2 (1970), 603-4, with full references). Material excavated in 1974 from an adjacent site (SZ 003906) and initially thought to indicate pottery production (AE 1974, 42) is now also considered to have been connected possibly with salting activity (inf. G. Dowdell).

Bibliography and Abbreviations

AE: Archaeological Excavations (Dept. of the Environment: HMSO).

BB1: Black-burnished ware, Category 1 (see Glossary).

BM: The British Museum, Bloomsbury, London.

Calkin, J. B. 1935. An Early Romano-British Kiln at Corfe Mullen, Dorset. Antiq. J. 15 (1935), 42-55.

Christchurch Mus: The Red House Museum and Art Gallery, Christchurch, Hants.

DC Mus, Dorchester: Dorset County Museum, Dorchester.

Farrar, R. A. H. 1968. A late Roman black-burnished Pottery Industry in Dorset and its affinities. Proc. Dorset Natur. Hist. Archaeol. Soc. 90 (1968), 174-80.

Farrar, R. A. H. 1973. The lost Roman Pottery Site at Bagber, Milton Abbas. Proc. Dorset Natur. Hist. Archaeol. Soc. 95 (1973), 93-6.

Farrar, R. A. H. 1975. Interim Report on Excavations at the Romano-British Potteries at Redcliff near Wareham. Proc. Dorset Natur. Hist. Archaeol. Soc. 97 (1975), 49-51.

Farrar, R. A. H. 1977. A Romano-British black-burnished Ware Industry at Ower in the Isle of Purbeck, Dorset. In Dore, J. and Greene, K. (eds.). Roman Pottery Studies in Britain and Beyond.Papers presented to John Gillam, July 1977. BAR Suppl. Series 30 (1977). Oxford.

Gillam 00: Vessel-type numbers in Gillam, J. P. 1970. Types of Roman Coarse Pottery Vessels in Northern Britain. 3rd ed. Newcastle upon Tyne.

PDNHAS: Proceedings of the Dorset Natural History and Archaeological Society.

Poole Mus: Guildhall Museum, Market Street, Poole.

RCHM, Dorset 2: Royal Commission on Historical Monuments (England). An Inventory of Historical Monuments in the County of Dorset: Vol. II part 3: South-East. HMSO 1970.

Bibliography and Abbreviations

Bidwell, P. T. 1980. Roman Exeter: Fortress and Town. Exeter.

Cam. 00: Vessel-form numbers in Hawkes, C. F. C. and Hull, M. R. 1947. Camulodunum. Rept. Res. Comm. Soc. Antiq. London 14 (1947).

EAF Unit: Exeter Archaeological Field Unit.

Exeter Mus: Royal Albert Memorial Museum, Queen Street, Exeter.

Gillam 00: Vessel-type numbers in Gillam, J. P. 1970.Types of Roman Coarse Pottery Vessels in Northern Britain. 3rd ed. Newcastle upon Tyne.

Bibliography and Abbreviations

BB1: Black-burnished ware. Category 1 (see Glossary).

Brassington, M. 1971. A Trajanic Kiln complex near Little Chester, Derby, 1968. Antiq. J. 51 (1971), 36-69.

Brassington, M. 1980. Derby Racecourse Kiln Excavations, 1972-3. Antiq. J. 60 (1980), 8-47.

Cam. 00: Vessel-form numbers in Hawkes, C. F. C. and Hull, M. R. 1947. Camulodunum. Rept. Res. Comm. Soc. Antiq. London 14 (1947).

DAJ: Derbyshire Archaeological Journal.

Derby Mus: Derby Museum and Art Gallery, The Strand, Derby.

EMAB: East Midland Archaeological Bulletin.

Gillam 00: Vessel type-numbers in Gillam, J. P. 1970.Types of Roman Coarse Pottery Vessels in Northern Britain. 3rd ed. Newcastle upon Tyne.

JRS: Journal of Roman Studies.

Kay, S. 0. 1962. The Romano-British Pottery Kilns at Hazelwood and Holbrook, Derbyshire. Derbyshire Archaeol. J. 82 (1962), 21-42.

Kay Type 00: Type-letters of the standard Derbyshire-ware vessel-forms in Kay 1962.

Kay and Hughes 1963. Kay, S. 0. and Hughes, R. G. A Romano-British Pottery Kiln at Shottle Hall, Derbyshire. Derbyshire Archaeol. J. 83 (1963), 103-6.

Lomas, J. 1961. A Romano-British Site at Alport Hill, Ashleyhay. Derbyshire Archaeol. J. 81 (1961), 141-6.

NDASRG: Newsletter of Derbyshire Archaeological Society Research Group.

Nottingham Univ Mus: Nottingham University Museum, Department of Classics and Archaeology, The University, Wollaton Park, Nottingham.

Webster, P. V. 1971. Melandra Castle Roman Fort: Excavations in the Civil Settlement, 1966-1969. Derbyshire Archaeol. J. 91 (1971), 58-118.

Bibliography and Abbreviations

BB: black-burnished ware (see Glossary).

Bellhouse, R. L. 1960. Excavation in Eskdale: The Muncaster Roman Kilns. Trans. Cumberland Westmorland Antiq. Archaeol. Soc. 60 (1960), 1-12.

Bellhouse, R. L. 1961. Excavation in Eskdale: The Muncaster Roman Kilns (Part II). Trans. Cumberland Westmorland Antiq. Archaeol. Soc. 61 (1961), 47-56.

Bellhouse, R. L. 1971. The Roman tileries at Scalesceugh and Brampton. Trans. Cumberland Westmorland Antiq.Archaeol. Soc. 71 (1971), 35-44.

Carlisle Mus: Tullie House Museum, Castle Street, Carlisle.

DoE: Department of the Environment.

Gillam 00: Vessel-type numbers in Gillam, J. P. 1970.Types of Roman Coarse Pottery Vessels in Northern Britain. 3rd ed. Newcastle upon Tyne.

Gillam, J. P. 1973. Sources of Pottery found on Northern Military Sites. In Detsicas, A. P. (ed.) 1973. Current Research in Romano-British Coarse Pottery. C.B.A. Res. Rept. 10 (1973). London.

Hogg, R. 1965. Excavation of the Roman auxiliary Tilery, Brampton. Trans. Cumberland Westmorland Antiq. Archaeol. Soc. 65 (1965), 133-68.

Potter, T. W. 1979. Romans in North-West England. Cumberland and Westmorland Antiq, Archaeol. Soc. Res. Ser. I. Kendal.

Richardson, G. G. S. 1973. The Roman Tilery, Scalesceugh, 1970-1. Trans. Cumberland Westmorland Antiq. Archaeol. Soc. 73 (1973), 79-89.

Bibliography an Abbreviations

Cam: 00: Vessel-form numbers in Hawkes, C. F. C. and Hull, M. R. 1947. Camulodunum. Rept. Res. Comm. Soc. Antiq. London 14 (1947).

Carrington, P. 1977. Severn Valley ware and its place in the Roman pottery supply at Chester: A preliminary assessment. In Dore, J. and Green, K. (eds.). Roman Pottery Studies in Britain and Beyond. Papers presented to John Gillam, July 1977. British Archaeological Reports Supplementary Series 30 (1977), 147-62. Oxford.

Chester AEU: Chester Archaeological Excavation Unit.

Chester Mus: The Grosvenor Museum, Grosvenor Street, Chester.

Curzon and Hanson 1971. Curzon, J. B. and Hanson, W, S. The Pottery Kiln. In Jones, G. D. B. Excavations at Northwich (Condate). Archaeol. J. 128 (1971), 31-77.

Gillam 00: Vessel-type numbers in Gillam, J. P. 1970. Types of Roman Coarse Pottery Vessels in Northern Britain. 3rd ed. Newcastle upon Tyne.

Hartley and Webster 1973. Hartley, K. F. and Webster, P. V. Romano-British Pottery Kilns near Wilderspool. Archaeol. J. 130 (1973), 77-103.

Hartley, K. F. 1981. Painted Fine Wares made in the Raetîan Workshops near Wilderspool, Cheshire. In Anderson, A. C. and Anderson, A. S. Roman Pottery Research in Britain and North-West Europe. Papers presented to Dr G.Webster. BAR Int. Series 123 (1981) 471-9. Oxford.

Holt 00: Pottery type-numbers in Grimes, W. F. Holt, Denbighshire: The Works-Depot of the Twentieth Legio at Castle Lyons. Y Cymmrodor 41. London 1930.

May, T. 1900a. Excavations on the site of the Romano-British Civitas at Wilderspool, Years 1899-1900. Trans. Historic Soc. Lancashire Cheshire 52 (1900), 1-5.

May, T. 1900b. Roman Potter’s Kiln at Stockton Heath,near Warrington. The Relinquary 6 (1900), 263-9.

May, T. 1904a. Warrington’s Roman Remains. Warrington.

May, T. 1904b. The excavations on the Romano-British site at Wüderspool and Stockton Heath, Years 1901 – 1904. Trans. Historic Soc. Lancashire Cheshire 55/56 (1903-4), 209-37.

Thompson, F. H. 1965. Roman Cheshire, A History of Cheshire Vol. 2. Chester.

Warrington Mus: Warrington Museum and Art Gallery, Bold Street, Warrington.

Discredited Kiln Sites

The following, formerly claimed as kiln sites, cannot on present evidence be included in the gazetteer:
Fulbourn TL519567 (Carter 1875); lime-kilns.

Leverington Gorfieid, Richmond Hall, TF414118 (PCAS 43 (1949), 15); possibly a pottery shop or store, as the pottery is not derived from a single production centre.

March Fen Causeway, Flaggrass, TL434985 (JRS 47 (1957), 266); probable saltings.

Upwell Russell’s Farm, TL477957 (OS Records); probable saltings.

Bibilography and Abbreviations

Bird and Young 1981. Bird, J. and Young, C. J. Migrant potters – the Oxford connection. In Anderson, A. C. and Anderson, A. S. Roman Pottery Research in Britain and North-West Europe, Papers presented to Dr G. Webster. BAR Int. Series 123 (1981), 295-319. Oxford.

Carter, J. 1875. On some excavations, apparently of Roman date, recently discovered at Fulbourn. Proc. Cambridge Antiq. Soc. 3 (1875). 313-5.

CASARG: Cambridge Antiquarian Society Archaeological Research Group.

CBA Grp 7 Bull: Bulletin of the Council for British Archaeology (regional) Group 7.

CCCAU: Cambridgeshire County Council Archaeology Unit, The Planning Office, The Shire Hall, Cambridge.

Frend, W. H. C. 1954. A Romano-British Settlement at Arbury Road, Cambridge. Proc. Cambridge Antiq. Soc. 48 (1954), 10-43.

Frend, W. H. C. 1958. Further Finds on the Arbury Road Estate. Proc. Cambridge Antiq. Soc. 52 (1958), 69-72.

Gillam 00: Vessel-type numbers in Gillam J. P. 1970. Types of Roman Coarse Pottery Vessels in Northern Britain. 3rd ed. Newcastle upon Tyne.

Hartley, B. R. 1960. Notes on Pottery from some Romano-British Kilns in the Cambridge Area. Proc. Cambridge Antiq. Soc. 53 (1960), 23-8.

Hughes, T. Mck. 1902a. On the Potter’s Field at Horningsea, with a comparative notice of the Kilns and Furnaces in the Neighbourhood. Proc. Cambridge Antiq. Soc. 10 (1898-1902), 174-94.

Hughes, T. McK. 1902b. On some indications of a Roman Potter’s Field near Jesus College. Proc. Cambridge Antiq. Soc. 10 (1898-1902), 194-6.

Hughes, T. McK. 1902c. The War Ditches near Cherry Hinton, Cambridge. Proc. Cambridge Antiq. Soc. 10 (1898-1902), 452-81.

JRS: Journal of Roman Studies.

Lethbridge, T. 1948. Further Excavations at the War Ditches. Proc. Cambridge Antiq. Soc. 42 (1948), 117-27.

OS: Ordnance Survey.

PCAS: Proceedings of Cambridge Antiquarian Society.

Phillips, C. W. (ed.) 1970. The Fenland in Roman Times.Royal Geographical Society Research Series No. 5.

Pullinger and Young 1981. Pullinger, J. and Young, C. J. Obelisk Kilns, Harston. Proc. Cambridge Antiq. Soc. 71 (1981), 1-23.

RCHM Cambs (1959): Royal Commission on Historical Monuments (England). An Inventory of Historical Monuments in the City of Cambridge: Vol. II: North-Cambridgeshire. HMSO 1972.

RCHM Cambs 2: Royal Commission on Historical Monuments (England). An Inventory of Historical Monuments in the County of Cambridge: Vol. 11: North-East Cambridgeshire. HMSO 1972.

UMAA: University Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, Downing Street, Cambridge.

VCH Cambs: The Victoria County History of Cambridgeshire.

Walker, F. G. 1912. Roman pottery kilns at Horningsea, Cambridgeshire. Proc. Cambridge Antiq. Soc. 17 (1912), 14-69.

White, D. A. 1963. The War Ditches near Cherry Hinton, Cambridge, 1961-2. Proc. Cambridge Antiq. Soc. 61-7 (1962/3), 9-41.

Young 00: Vessel-type numbers in Young, C. J. 1977.The Roman Pottery Industry of the Oxford Region. BAR British Series 43 (1977). Oxford.

Discredited Kiln Site

The following kiln site has been omitted from the gazetteer:
Stone SP7812 (Rec. Buckinghamshire 4 (1972), 122); there is no evidence that this is Roman in date; it does not lie near any known Romano-British kiln concentration, although there is a considerable amount of stray Romano-British material from the area (inf. M. Farley).

Bibliography and Abbreviations

Aylesbury Mus: Buckinghamshire County Museum, Aylesbury.

BB: black-burnished ware (see Glossary).

CBA Grp 9 NL: Council for British Archaeology (regional) Group 9 Newsletter.

Corder, P. 1943. The Roman Pottery made at Fulmer. Rec. Buckinghamshire 14 (1943), 153-63.

Milton Keynes DCAU: Milton Keynes Development Corporation Archaeological Unit, Bradwell Abbey Field Centre, Bradwell, Milton Keynes.

Oakley et al. 1937. Oakley, K. P., Vulliamy, C. E., Rouse, E. C. and Cottrill, F. The excavation of a Romano-British Pottery kiln site near Hedgerley. Rec. Buckinghamshire 13 (1937), 252-80.

R Bucks: Records of Buckinghamshire.

Rouse, E. C. 1941. Discovery of a Romano-British Pottery kiln site near Fulmer. Rec. Buckinghamshire 14 (1941),67-9.

Tarrant and Sandford 1972. Tarrant, N. and Sandford, A. A Romano-British Kiln at Fulmer. Rec. Buckinghamshire 19 (1972), 174-88.

Wolv DASJ: Wolverton District Archaeological Society Journal.

Wolv HJ: Wolverton Historical Journal (from 1970; as Wolv DASJ pre 1970).

Woods et al. 1981. Woods, P. J., Turland, R., Hastings, P. A Romano-British Pottery at Biddlesden, Bucks. In Anderson, A. C. and Anderson, A. S. Roman Pottery Research in Britain and North-West Europe. Papers presented to Dr G. Webster. BAR. Int Series 123 (1981), 369-95. Oxford.

Discredited Kiln Site

The following kiln site has been omitted from the gazetteer:
Sulhamstead Bannister SU67246657 (Berkshire Archaeol J. 10 (1904), 114). No wasters or burnt clay debris among material; evidence observed in 1902 is suggestive of late IA early RB domestic occupation, possibly including hearths.

Bibliography and Abbreviations

A Mus, Oxford: The Ashmolean Museum, Beaumont Street, Oxford.

BB: Black-burnished ware (see Glossary).

Berks AJ: Berkshire Archaeological Journal.

CBA Grp 9 NL: Council for British Archaeology (regional) Group 9 News Letter.

Connah, D. B. 1964. The Excavations of Romano-British kiln sites at Hamstead Marshall, Berkshire. ,Archaeol. Newsletter 7 (1964), 235-7.

Gillam 00: Vessel-type numbers in Gillam, J. P. 1970.Types of Roman Coarse Pottery Vessels in Northern Britain. 3rd ed. Newcastle upon Tyne.

Hardy, W. K. 1937. Romano-British Pottery Kilns between Compton and Aldworth, Berkshire. Trans. Newbury Dist. Fld. Club 7 (1937), 211-6.

Harris, W. E. 1935. The late Romano-British Kiln in Compton, Berkshire. Berkshire Archaeol. J. 39 (1935), 93-5.

Harris and Young 1974. Harris, E. and Young, C. J. The ‘Overdale’ Kiln Site at Boar’s Hill, near Oxford. Oxoniensia 39 (1974), 12-25.

Newbury Mus: Newbury Museum, Wharf Street, Newbury.

NMHG: Newbury Museum Historical Group.

Oxon: Oxoniensia.

Peake, H. 1931. The Archaeology of Berkshire. London.

Reading Mus: The Museum and Art Gallery, Blagrave Street, Reading.

Sc Mus, London: The Science Museum, Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London.

Willett, F. 1948. A Romano-British Pottery Kiln on Foxcombe Hill, Berkshire. Oxoniensia 13 (1948), 32-8.

Young, C. J. 1977. The Roman Pottery Industry of the Oxford Region. BAR British Series 43 (1977). Oxford.

Young 00: Vessel-type numbers in Young 1977.

The following, formerly claimed as a kiln site, cannot on present evidence be included in the gazetteer:
Luton Weller Street, TL09252155; material associated with this site (in Luton Mus), and ovens and other evidence revealed during recent redevelopment there suggest the supposed Roman kiln (Austin 1928, 24) to be Medieval/post-Medieval in date (inf. A Simco).

Bibliography and Abbreviations

ADAS: Ampthill and District Archaeological Society.

Austin, W. 1928. A History of Luton Vol I. Newport, Isle of Wight.

BAJ: Bedfordshire Archaeological Journal.

Bedford Mus: Bedford Museum, Castle Lane, Bedford.

Beds CCSMR: Bedfordshire County Council Sites and Monuments Record, The Planning Office, County Hall, Bedford.

BGC: British Gas Corporation.

BNFAS: Bulletin of the Northamptonshire Federation of Archaeological Societies.

Dring, G. T. 1971. Romano-British Kiln Site near Elstow.
Bedfordshire Archaeol. J. 6 (1971), 69-71.

Hall and Hutchings 1972. Hall, D. N. and Hutchings, J. B. The Distribution of Archaeological Sites between the Nene and the Ouse Valleys. Bedfordshire Archaeol. J. 7 (1972), 1-16.

Johnston, D. E. 1974. The Roman Settlement at Sandy, Bedfordshire. Bedfordshire Archaeol. J. 9 (1974), 35-54.

Luton Mus: Luton Museum and Art Gallery, Wardown Park, Luton.

MKJAH: Milton Keynes Journal of Archaeology and History.

OS: Ordnance Survey.

PSAL: Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of London.

Reader, F. W. 1909. Report on the Excavations (1906-7) of the Red Hills Exploration Committee. Proc. Soc. Antiq. London 2nd series 22 (1907-9), 164-214.

Rudd, G. T. 1964. The Trial Excavation of a Roman Site at Tempsford in 1962. Bedfordshire Archaeol. J. 2 (1964), 78.

Shakenoak IV, types 00: Vessel-forms in Brodribb, A. C. Hands, A. R. and Walker, D. R. 1973. Excavations at Shakenoak Farm, nr. Wilcot, Oxfordshire, part IV. Site C. Oxford.

Tilson, P. 1973. A Belgic and Romano-British Site at Bromham. Bedfordshire Archaeol. J. 8 (1973), 23-66.

VCH Beds: The Victoria County History of Bedfordshire.

White, R. F. 1980. The Bedford Southern Orbital Sewer: a watching brief. Bedfordshire Archaeol. J. 14 (1980), 21-4.

Wolv HJ: Wolverton Historical Journal.