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Kent

Discredited Kiln Sites

The following, formerly claimed as kiln sites, cannot on present evidence be included in the gazetteer:
Stone Stone Wood, Dartford; TQ58607290; the use of burnt flints as the lining of a pit are not compatible with its alleged function as a kiln (Peake 1919; VCH Kent 3 (1932), 131); this and the absence of fired clay debris or pottery wasters may imply that the feature was a domestic hearth.

Bexley Joyden’s Wood; TQ50227098 (Tester and Caiger 1954, 169-71); detailed examination of the relevant pottery shows an absence of underfired, misfired or distorted vessels, and an insufficient abundance or analytical homogeneity to link the material with pottery production (Monaghan 1982, 33-4); the ‘kiln’ may therefore have had a domestic function connected with the adjacent rural settlement.

Bibliography and Abbreviations

Allen and Tester 1959. Allen, A. F. and Tester, P. J. Further discoveries of Roman kilns at Chalk near Gravesend. Archaeol. Cantiana 73 (1959), 220-23.

Allen and Warhurst 1954. Allen, A. F. and Warhurst, A. Roman and other remains from Chalk near Gravesend. Archaeol. Cantiana 68 (1954), 144-58.

Arch Cant: Archaeologia Cantiana.

BB2: Black-burnished ware, Category 2 (see Glossary).

Bennett, P. 1978. Excavations at 16-21 North Lane, Canterbury. Archaeol. Cantiana 94 (1978), 165-91.

Bennett and Macpherson-Grant 1980. Bennett, P. and Macpherson-Grant, N. 1. A Site found on the line of the Canterbury Bypass (N.G.R. TR 143561). In Bennett, P., Macpherson-Grant, N. and Blockley, P. Four Minor Sites excavated by the Canterbury Archaeological Trust, 1978-1979. Archaeol. Cantiana 96 (1980), 267-89.

BGC: British Gas Corporation.

Blumstein, M. 1956. Roman Pottery from Hoo. Archaeol. Cantiana 70 (1956), 273-7.

BM: The British Museum, Bloomsbury, London.

Burchell, J. P. T. 1927. The Shell Mound Industry of Denmark as represented at Lower Halstow, Kent. Proc. Prehist. Soc. E. Anglia 5 (1925-7), 73-82.

Cam. 00: Vessel-form numbers in Hawkes, C. F. C. and Hull, M. R. Camulodunum. Rept. Res. Comm. Soc. Antiq. London 14 (1947).

Canterbury Mus: Canterbury Royal Museum, Beaney Institute, High Street, Canterbury.

CAT: Canterbury Archaeological Trust.

Catherall, P. D. 1983. A Romano-British Pottery Manufacturing Site at Oakleigh Farm, Higham, Kent. Britannia 14 (1983) 103-141.

Corder, P. 1950. Kiln Furniture. In Hayes, R. H. and Whitley, E. The Roman Pottery at Norton, East Yorkshire. Roman Malton and District Report 7 (1950). Leeds.

Dartford Mus: Dartford Borough Museum, Market Street, Dartford.

Detsicas, A. P. 1974. Finds from the pottery kiln(s) at Eccles, Kent. Antiq. J. 54 (1974), 305-6.

Detsicas, A. P. 1977. First century pottery manufacture at Eccles, Kent. In Dore, J. and Greene, K. (eds.). Roman Pottery Studies in Britain and Beyond. Papers presented to John Gillam, July 1977. BAR Suppl. Series 30 (1977) Oxford.

DoE: Department of the Environment.

Dowker, G. 1878. Roman remains at Preston, next Wingham. Archaeol. Cantiana 12 (1878), 47-8.

EB Cooling: Eastborough Bungalow, Cooling, Kent.

Elsdon, S. 1975. Stamp and Roulette Decorated Pottery of the La T�ne Period in Eastern England. BAR British Series 10 (1975). Oxford.

Evans, J. H. 1949. Roman remains from Upchurch Marshes. Archaeol. Cantiana 62 (1949), 146-7.

Gillam 00: Vessel-type numbers in Gillam, J. P. 1970. Types of Roman Coarse Pottery Vessels in Northern Britain. 3rd ed. Newcastle upon Tyne.

Gravesend PL Mus: Gravesend Museum, The Public Library, Gravesend.

Gray, P. H. K. 1954. A Hoard of Sestertii (Domitian-Commodus) from Slayhills Marsh, Upchurch, Kent. Numismatic Chron. 6 ser. 14 (1954), 201-3.

Hume, I. N. 1954. Romano-British potteries on the Upchurch Marshes. Archaeol. Cantiana 68 (1954), 72-90.

Ill Lond N: The Illustrated London News.

Jackson, I. A. 1962. Upchurch: Two Roman Pottery Kilns. Archaeol. Cantiana 77 (1962), 190-95.

Jackson, I. A. 1972. A Romano-British pottery kiln on the Upchurch Marshes. Kent Archaeol. Rev. 30 (Winter 1972/3), 288-90.

Jackson, I. A. 1975. Upchurch. Kent Archaeol. Rev. 42 (Winter 1975), 36.

JBAA: Journal of the British Archaeological Association.

Jenkins, F. 1956. A Roman tilery and two pottery kilns at Durovernum (Canterbury). Antiq. J. 36 (1956), 40-56.

Jenkins, F. 1958. Excavation of a Roman Potter’s Kiln. Archaeol. News Letter 6.5 (1958), 126-7.

Jenkins, F, 1959. Two pottery kilns and a tilery of the Roman Period at Canterbury (Durovernum Cantiacorum).Archaeol. Cantiana 74 (1960), 151-61.

Jessup, R. F. 1928. A Romano-British settlement at Springhead, Kent. Antiq. J. 8 (1928), 337-43.

JRS: Journal of Roman Studies.

LMARGN: Lower Medway Archaeological Research Group Newsletter.

Maidstone Mus: Maidstone Museum and Art Gallery, St Faith’s Street, Maidstone.

Miles, A. 1968. Romano-British salt-panning hearths at Cliffe. Archaeol. Cantiana 83 (1968), 272-3.

Miles, A. 1975. Salt-panning in Romano-British Kent. In de Brisay, K. W. (ed.). Salt, the study of an Ancient Industry. Colchester Archaeol, Group.

Monaghan, J. 1982. An Investigation of the Romano-British Pottery Industry on the Upchurch Marshes. Archaeol. Cantiana 98 (1982), 27-50.

OS: Ordnance Survey.

Payne, G. 1893. Collectanea Cantiana. London.

Payne, G. 1898. Roman Discoveries. Archaeol. Cantiana 23 (1898), 1-23.

Payne, G. 1915. Researches and Discoveries in Kent.Archaeol. Cantiana 31 (1915), 275-89.

Peake, W. B. 1919. Excavations at a Romano-British Site in Stone Wood, Dartford. Privately printed, 1919.

Pearce, B. W, 1928. Report of the Excavation Committee of the Sevenoaks Society on the Roman site at Otford, 31st December 1928.

Pearce, B. W, 1930. The Roman site at Otford. Archaeol. Cantiana 42 (1930), 157-71.

Penn, W. S. 1965. Springhead – Map of Discoveries. Archaeol. Cantiana 80 (1965), 107-17.

PP (EB Cooling): Private possession at Eastborough Bungalow, Cooling, Kent.

PSAL: Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries London.

Richbor. 00: Pottery-type numbers in Bushe-Fox, J. P. 1926-49. First (to fourth) reports on the excavation of the Roman fort at Richborough, Kent. Repts. Res. Comm. Soc. Antiq. London 6, 7, 10, 16.

Rochester Mus: The Guiidhall Museum, High Street, Rochester.

Roch Nat: The Rochester Naturalist.

Sevenoaks PL Mus: Sevenoaks Museum, The Public Library, Sevenoaks.

Smith, C. R. 1842. Notices of Recent Discoveries of Roman Antiquities at Strood, Bapchild, Oare, and Upchurch, in Kent with remarks on the site of the Durolerum of Antoninus. Archaeoiogia 29 (1842), 217-26.

Smith, C. R. 1847, On Roman Pottery discovered on the banks of the Medway, near Upchurch, Kent. J. Brit. Archaeol. Ass. 2 (1847), 132-40.

Smith, C. R. 1868. Collectanea Antiqua 6 (1868), 177.

Smith, C. R. 1877. On Mr Teanby’s collection of Romano-British, and Romano-Gaulish pottery at Gravesend. Archaeol. Cantiana 11 (1877), 113-20.

Spurrell, F. C. J. 1885. Early Sites and Embankments on the Margins of the Thames Estuary. Archaeol. J. 42 (1885), 269-302.

Tester and Caiger 1954. Tester, P. J. and Caiger, J. E. L. Excavations on the site of a Romano-British settlement in Joyden’s Wood, nr. Bexley. Archaeol. Cantiana 68 (1954), 167-83.

Thornhill and Payne 1980. Thornhill, P. and Payne, P. Some Sites in North Kent. Archaeol. Cantiana 96 (1980), 378-82.

UAG: Upchurch Archaeological Group.

VCH Kent: The Victoria County History of Kent.

Walsh, R. 1970. Ash Romano-British Villa. An Interim Report. Kent Archaeol. Rev. 20 (1970), 13-20.

Webster et al. 1940. Webster, G., Jessup, R. F. and Kirkman, J. S. A Roman Pottery Kiln at Canterbury. Archaeol. Cantiana 53 (1940), 109-36.

Wright, T. 1852. Wanderings of an Antiquary. VI – The Roman Potteries on the Banks of the Medway. Gent. Mag. n.s. 38 (1852), 364-7.

Youens, E.C. 1905. Discovery of a Roman Kiln at Galley Hill, Swanscombe. Archaeol. Cantiana 27 (1905), Ixxiii-Ixxiv.